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- **************************************
- * Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases signatures *
- **************************************
-
- Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases [1,2] are enzymes that catalyze the alpha,beta-
- dehydrogenation of acyl-CoA esters and transfer electrons to ETF, the electron
- transfer protein. There are five known acyl-CoA dehydrogenases:
-
- - Three of them catalyze the first step of the beta-oxidation cycles for
- fatty acids with various chain lengths. These are short (SCAD) (EC 1.3.99.
- 2), medium (MCAD) (EC 1.3.99.3) and long (LCAD) (EC 1.3.99.13) chain acyl-
- CoA dehydrogenases.
- - Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.10) (IVD), involved in the
- catabolism of leucine.
- - 2-methyl-branched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.12) involved in
- isoleucine and valine catabolism.
-
- All the above enzymes are homotetrameric FAD flavoproteins of about 400 amino
- acid residues, located in the mitochondrial matrix and structurally related.
-
- Escherichia coli hypothetical protein yaaO is highly similar to the mammalian
- enzymes [3].
-
- We have selected two conserved regions as signature patterns. The first is
- located in the center of these enzymes, the second in the C-terminal section.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVMFYW](3)-N-G-x-K-x-[FYW]-I-[ST]-[NS]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: Q-x(2)-G-G-x-G-[LIVMFY]-x(2)-[DEN]-x(4)-[KR]-x(3)-D
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Tanaka K., Ikeda, Matsubara Y., Hyman D.B.
- Enzyme 38:91-107(1987).
- [ 2] Matsubara Y., Indo Y., Naito E., Ozasa H., Glassberg R., Vockley J.,
- Ikeda Y., Kraus J., Tanaka K.
- J. Biol. Chem. 264:16321-16331(1989).
- [ 3] Yura T., Mori H., Nagai H., Nagata T., Ishihama A., Fujita N.,
- Isono K., Mizobuchi K., Nakata A.
- Nucleic Acids Res. 20:3305-3308(1992).
-